Commonly referred to as a slipped disc, a herniated disc is a condition in which one of the discs located between the spinal vertebrae splits or ruptures, causing the gel-like substance inside, known as the nucleus pulposus, to leak out. This leaking reduces the discs effectiveness as a cushion for the vertebrae located above and below it.

Disc herniations are most common in the spine’s bottom two discs and more likely in older than younger individuals, with those between the ages of 30 and 50 years considered at greatest risk.

Procedure information
Non invasive treatment is the first course of action for herniated disc sufferers, with anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants and opioids invariably prescribed individually or in combination as the first approach. Cortisone injections may be offered to more serious sufferers, while simple approaches such as regular bed rest and physical therapy may be all that is needed to address the problem.

In 10 percent of cases however, generally when other means have been tried and have failed, surgery is recommended. The most common surgical procedure for the condition is a discectomy or partial discectomy, involving the removal of all or part of the herniated disc. A laminectomy, in which a portion of the lamina is removed, may also be necessary.

Recovery time
The majority of patients are discharged within 24 hours of surgery providing there are no complications, and they can expect to return to work about 1 or 2 weeks later. Complete recovery can be expected in a month to 6 weeks, after which the patient can engage in vigorous exercise or activity involving the upper body. Headaches and weakness in the legs are common in the early stages of recovery and can be controlled with pain-relieving drugs and rest.