Doctors, invariably those specializing in gynecology, may refer women suffering from conditions such as cancer, endometriosis, fibroids, prolapses or pelvic adhesions for a procedure known as a hysterectomy. The operation involves the surgical removal of the uterus and sometimes the cervix and ovaries as well, depending on the case. Hysterectomies are performed either vaginally or abdominally.

A gynecologist will usually use one of three criteria to determine the necessity of a hysterectomy, making the decision to perform the operation when it is deemed that it will save the life of the patient, improve the patient’s quality of life or correct a complaint that is interfering with the normal function of the patient’s body. A vaginal hysterectomy will usually only be recommended for cervical dysplasia, endometrial hyperplasia or uterine prolapse.

Procedure information
In a vaginal hysterectomy, the uterus is removed through the vagina, with the surgeon making an incision near the top in order to gain access. The Fallopian tubes and any ligaments and blood vessels surrounding the uterus are tied off prior to removal.

After the uterus has been cut free and taken out, the surgeon will put the other elements back in place before stitching up the incision and exiting, normally through the vaginal entrance.

Recovery time
Recovery time for a vaginal hysterectomy is quicker than for that of abdominal hysterectomy. Patients can expect to be discharged from hospital in one to three days following the operation and a complete recovery can normally be achieved in around four weeks.

In the initial period following the operation, patients are required to rest and avoid any strenuous activity or lifting of heavy objects. Sexual intercourse may resume after eight weeks. If hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is necessary, treatment will begin after the patient leaves the hospital.